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“arrest”是“逮捕”还是“拘留”?

在翻译arrest一词时要先搞清楚源文件的意思是逮捕还是拘留,因为逮捕(arrest)和拘留(detention)是两个不同的概念。

拘留是指指公安机关、人民检察院对于现行犯或者重大嫌疑分子,在遇有法定紧急情况下依法采取的临时剥夺人身自由的一种强制措施。而逮捕是指人民法院、人民检察院和公安机关,为防止犯罪嫌疑人或被告人逃避或妨碍侦查、起诉和审判的进行,防止其发生社会危险性,依法采取的暂时剥夺其人身自由,予以羁押的强制措施。

所以,arrest 译作“逮捕”,而不是“拘留”,拘留应译作 detention(名词)、detain(动词)

例1:Miranda was arrested and accused of having kidnapped and raped a young woman.

译:米兰达被逮捕并被指控实施绑架、强奸一名年轻妇女的罪行。

例2:An arresting officer must advise the person being arrested. No statements made by an arrested person or evidence obtained therefrom maybe introduced at trial unless the person was advised of or validly waived his Miranda right.

译:实施逮捕的警察必须向被逮捕人发出警告。除非被逮捕人被告知了(保持沉默的)权利或主动放弃了米兰达权利,其作出的任何陈述或从其处获得的任何证据均不得在庭审中展示。

例3: Mirandize means to recite the Mirana Warnings to a person under arrest .

译:Miranda(告知米兰达权利)就是向被逮捕人大声说出米兰达警告的意思。

注:“你有权保持沉默。你所说的一切都可能作为在法庭上指控你的不利证据。你有权请律师在你受审时到场。如果你请不起律师,法庭将为你指派一位。你明白这些权利吗?”你一定对这番话并不陌生。事实上,这就是“米兰达警告原则”(Miranda Warnings

相关短语:under arrest (被捕) 及 false arrest(非法逮捕)。

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