affirm 是一个多义词，通常可以译为“维持（原判）；也有断言，坚决主张，承认，确认”等意思。
例句：
The appellate court may affirm or reverse the decision of the lower court, or may remand the case for a new trial.
译：上诉法院可以维持、推翻下级法院的判决，或将案件发回重审。
维持原判（名词形式）：affirmance
撤销原判、发回重审：reversal and remandment
The reaffirmed their willingness to maintain co-operation with all international organizations in the region.
译：他们重申了这方面有意与所有的国际组织保持合作。
All federal and state judges, as well as notaries public, are empowered by law to administer oaths and affirmations.
译：所有的联邦法官、州法官以及公证人员，均依法有权主持宣誓及确认仪式。